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BIO 131 REVIEW FOR BOTANY & ECOLOGY UNIT Mrs. Kelly
Material to be covered on
lecture exam:
1. Lecture notes.
2. Assigned readings in the textbook and key terms and concepts at the end of
each chapter.
3. Review questions. The list of questions on this
page is intended to assist you in preparing for the lecture exam. The list
is not meant to have every possible question that might appear on the exam.
There will be questions on the lecture exam which are not on this list.
Answering these questions does not guarantee an A on the lecture exam.
The Importance of Plants
1. List the major ways in which plants are important to us.
Evolution of Plants
1. What is vascular tissue?
2. Which groups of plants lack vascular tissue?
3. Which groups of plants have vascular tissue?
4. Which groups of plants lack seeds?
5. Which groups of plants have seeds?
6. Name all the ways that a gymnosperm is different from an angiosperm.
7. List all of the differences between dicots and monocots.
Plant Form and Function
1. Describe an angiosperm.
2. What is the difference between a dicot and a monocot?
3. What are the major function of the stem?
4. What are the characteristics of the plant cell wall?
5. Do all plant cells have secondary cell walls?
6. Is the secondary cell wall laid down before or after the cell
has stopped growing?
7. What is the definition of a plant tissue?
8. What are the 4 major plant tissue types?
9. What is the function of meristem tissue?
10. What are the 2 types of meristem tissue?
11. What are the 2 types of ground tissue?
12. List the characteristics of parenchyma.
13. What is distinctive about the cell wall in sclerenchyma tissue?
14. What is the function of the epidermis?
15. What different kinds of cells are found in the epidermis?
16. What is the function of the guard cells?
17. What are the vascular tissues?
18. How is xylem different from phloem?
19. What four types of cells are found in xylem?
20. What are the conducting elements in xylem?
21. What four types of cells are found in phloem?
Make a list of all the tissues.
22. List which ones are alive and which ones
are dead at functional maturity.
23. Draw and label the major regions of a herbaceous dicot stem, a woody
dicot stem and a monocot
stem.
Plant Growth and Reproduction
1. Draw a flower and label all the parts.
2. How is a perfect flower different from an imperfect flower?
3. How is a complete flower different from an incomplete flower?
4. What is the difference between a dioecious and a monecious plant?
5. What is the difference between a spore and a gamete?
6. Does the sporophyte plant make spores or gametes?
7. Does a gametophyte plant make spores or gametes?
8. What is the function of meiosis?
9. What structure is made by meiosis in the plant life cycle?
10. In flowering plants, what is the female gametophyte plant called?
11. In flowering plants, what is the male gametophyte plant called?
12. Draw the gametic and sporic life cycles.
13. Explain the major differences between the gametic and sporic life cycles.
14. Draw the flowering plant life cycle.
15. How is pollination different from fertilization?
16. The one sperm fertilizes the egg. What does the other sperm do?
17. What is a seed?
18. What does the ovary become after fertilization?
19. What does the ovule become after fertilization?
20. What is the function of the endosperm?
21. How is endosperm formed?
22. What are the cotyledons?
23. How are cotyledons different from foliage leaves?
24. In a bean plant, where did the stored energy in the cotyledons come from?
25. What is the definition of a fruit?
26. What are the three layers of the pericarp as seen in a peach?
27. How is a simple fruit different from a multiple fruit?
28. How is a multiple fruit different from an aggregate fruit?
29. Give some examples of wind, animal and water dispersed fruits.
Photosynthesis
1. Why do photosynthetic organisms use visible light as their energy source?
2. What property of pigments is essential in the process of photosynthesis?
3. Write the balanced equation for photosynthesis
4. What happens to the water molecule on the reaction side of the equation in
photosynthesis?
5. How is light energy stored in a glucose molecule?
6. Is the carbon dioxide oxidized or reduced?
7. Draw a chloroplast and label the 3 membranes and the 3 internal spaces.
8. What is the purpose of the light reaction?
9. What is the purpose of the dark reaction?
10. In photosynthesis, discuss the role of each reactant (light, CO2,
water and chlorophyll).
Ecology
1. Define ecology.
2. What is a population, a community, an ecosystem?
3. What is the difference between an abiotic component and a biotic component?
4. What are the four abiotic components of the habitat?
5. How is weather different from climate?
6. How does climate shape ecosystems?
7. What is relative humidity and why is it important?
8. How are soil factors important?
9. What is the relationship between latitude and altitude?
10. What sort of disturbances are considered natural?
11. What are the biotic components of the habitat?
12. What is energy?
13. Where does the Earth's energy come from?
14. Does energy cycle through an ecosystem?
15. Does matter cycle through an ecosystem?
16. How many trophic levels may be present in an ecosystem?
17. How are consumers, decomposers, and scavengers different from one another?
18. What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
19. How much energy moves from one trophic level to the next?
20. Define bioconcentration and biomagnification.
21. Why is biomagnification a problem in the food chain?
22. What is the difference between a
habitat and a niche?
23. How is parasitism a type of symbiosis?
24. What is the difference between competition and predation?
25. What is the difference between predation and parasitism?
26. What are the three types of symbiosis and how are they different from one
another?
27. What is coevolution? Give an example.
28. What is ecological succession?
29. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
30. What eventually happens to a bog?
31. What is the difference between a pioneer community and a climax
community?
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