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Genetics Unit Lab Exam Review Sheet

Activity 9 DNA Structure and Replication

1.        Recognize and name the structural components of a DNA nucleotide and a molecule of DNA, using the puzzle pieces.

2.       Know the four nucleotides found in a DNA molecule.

3.       Given a short sequence of DNA be able to name the complimentary bases that would form the opposite strand.

4.       Know the process of DNA replication.

Activity 10 RNA Structure and Protein Synthesis

1.       Recognize and name the structural components of an RNA nucleotide and a molecule of RNA using the puzzle pieces.

2.       Know the four nucleotides found in an RNA molecule.

3.       Recognize the three forms of RNA: mRNA, rRNA and tRNA and describe the function of each one.

4.       Given a short sequence of nucleotides in a strand of DNA, name the sequence of bases found in the messenger RNA transcribed from it.

5.       Describe where transcription occurs in the cell and where translation occurs in the cell.

6.       Explain the attraction of codon and anticodon and where each one is found.

7.       Given a short strand of mRNA, be able to determine the sequence of amino acids that would be assembled into a protein using the genetic dictionary.

Activity 11 Cell Division: Mitosis

1.       Recognize and name the phases of mitosis in a plant cell and an animal cell using either models or digital images.

2.       Describe the cellular activities that occur during Interphase.

3.       Be able to interpret how long a cell spends in the various stages based on the number of cells seen in the onion root tip slide.

4.       Recognize and name all of the structural components of a cell and its mitotic apparatus.

5.       Describe the structural differences in cytokinesis of a plant cell and an animal cell.

Activities 12 and 13 Genetics of Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

1.       Explain the significance of meiosis and where it takes place in an organism.

2.       Distinguish between diploid and haploid.

3.       Know the number of chromosomes in a human diploid and haploid cell.

4.       Distinguish between genotype and phenotype.

5.       Explain the difference between sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes.

6.       Recognize the stages of meiosis I and II as they are represented by chromosomes in circles that represent dividing cells.

7.       Know how dominant and recessive genes would be represented using letters.

8.       Know how to represent homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive and heterozygous genotypes.

Activity 14 Chromosomal Analysis:  Karyotyping

1.       Know how a karyotype is prepared and the three factors used to organize the chromosomes in a karyotype.

2.        Be able to determine the gender of an individual by looking at their karyotype.

3.       Understand and name different syndromes that can be associated with different numbers of chromosomes.

Activity 15 Solving Genetics Problems

1.       Know how to set-up and solve a genetics problem using a Punnett Square.

2.       From a Punnett Square be able to determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring.

3.       Be able to determine the percent probability of an offspring phenotype.

4.       Given the letters representing a genotype, be able to list all the possible different combinations of genes in the haploid gametes.

5.       Know the classic ratios (genotypic and phenotypic) of a heterozygous monohybrid cross and the classic phenotypic ratio of a heterozygous dihybrid cross.

6.       Know what complete dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles and co-dominance, and sex-linked traits are, and how to work genetic problems of each type of inheritance.

Activity 16 Human Phenotypes and Pedigrees

1.       Be able to construct and interpret a pedigree to show the expression of a trait through several generations.

2.       Based on the observed phenotype for a particular trait, be able to figure out the possible genotypes.

3.       Explain how a trait can be expressed in a child when neither parent expressed that trait.

4.       Be able to state the probability of passing a trait to an offspring if the parent is homozygous for the trait or heterozygous for the trait.

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